FU VEN NANA IPM

2. Natna

      1) Fu lairil sen (Red rot, Colletotrichumfalcatum)

      2) Fu vuai/thi (Wilt, Acremonium implicatum, Cephalosporiutn sacchai, Fusarium moniliforme var subglotinans)

      3) Fu zik bawrchhawr (Grassy shoot, MLO)

      4) Fu zik/par dum vek (Smut, Ustilago scitaminea)

      5) Fu hnah sen thup (Red striped,Pseudomonas rubrilineans)

      6) Fu zik tawih (Top rot,Fusarium monoliforme)

      7) Fu hnan eng (Leaf scald,Xanthomonas albilineans)

3. Hnim:

       Chi hrang hrang a awm, hlawm lian tak pahnihah then a ni:- hnahsin, thang lam chi, di, phungladin, leh hnahbial, a zamchi leh zam lo chi.

4. Sazu:

       Sazu chi hrang hrang

5. Thlai rulhut

      1) Pratylenchus spp

      2) Hoplaimus spp

      3) Tylenchorhychus spp

6. Rannung nilo, fu eichhetu dang

      1) Maimawm te, fu tui dawttu (Mites, Oligonychus indicus, O.Sacchari)

      2) Sihal chi khat (Jackal)

B. Mizoram tana fu eichhetu rannung, natna, hnim, sazu etc.

1. Rannung

      1) Ram kelchal (Wooly aphids, Ceratovacuna lanigera)

      2) Fu tui dawttu, khuavang ang (Scale insect, Melanospis glomerata)

      3) Vual (White grub, Holotrichia Consanguinea, Holotrichia serrata)

      4) A zik khertu pangang (Shoot borer, Chilo infuscatellus)

      5) Fu chang khertu pangang (Internode borer, Chilo Sacchariphapus indicus)

      6) Fu zung khertu pangang(Root borer, Emmalocera depressella)

      7) Tlumpi ( Termites, Odontotermes spp)

2. Natna

      1) Fu lairil sen (Red rot, Coletotrichumfalcatum)

      2) Fu vuai/thi (Wilt, Fusaruim sp)

      3) Fu par dum vek (Smut)

      4) Fu hnah sen thup (Red stripe)

3. Hnim:

      Fu hmunah hnim chi hrang hrang a awm a, di leh thang te, phungladin, hnahbial hlo, a zam chi te a ni.

4. Sazu:

      Sazu chi hrang hrang leh buiin fu an ei.

II. FU EICHHETU RANNUNG NATNA LEH SAZU THLI THLAI :

       A tum ber chu fu eichhetu rannung inthlahpun hmaa an awm dan hriat te, natna a nasat hmaa hriat te leh fu hmunah chuan eng ang sazu leh rannung tha nge awm tih leh an tam lam hriat te hi a ni.

1. Fu hmun fan thuak thuak:

      Fu hmuna fu eichhetu rannung awm te, natna leh rannungtha awm te hrechiang turin ni 10 danah fu hmun fan thuak thuak tur a ni. Zau khata awm a nih chuan a chuklakin fu hmun 5 thlang la, fu hmun tinah chuan a chuklak bawkin fu hung 5 theuh a kil leh kil tin zawna kal chungin thlang la. Tichuan chung fu hung a i thil hmuh te chu ziakin chhinchhiah zel ang che. Fu chi phum atangin tan nghal ang che. Hetiang hian chhinchhiah la:

      a) Ram kelchal note (nymphs) leh a puitling (adult) te fu hnaha awm zat chhiar ang che.

      b) Fu zik khertu pangang kher vanga fu zik vuai leh thi chhiar la, za zelah engzat nge thi tih chhut chhuak ang che.

      c) Fu chang khertu pangang kher, fu chang awmzat chhiar la, za zelah engzat nge chhia tih chhutchhuak ang che.

      d) Sazu leh bui kua, a luahlai ngei chhiar la, a kua chu hectare khata 25 a tlin chuan sazu chu a tam tihna a ni.

2. Fuhmun tlawh:

      A hmaa fu hmun fan thuak thuak tuma i thil hmuh dan azirin fu chingtu loneitute chu an fu hmun theuh tlawh turin chawkphur ang che. Ni 7-10 danah vawi khat tal loneitute chuan an fu hmun tlawh se, fu eichhetu rannung, natna leh rannungtha an hmuh te chu ziakin chhinchhiah vek zel se. Rannung leh natna puang thei mai a awm a nih chuan loneitute chu an fu hmun tlawh a tul zia hriattirna chu DDK, Radio, Local Cable TV, leh chanchinbu-ah te Agriculture department in puang zar se.

3. Agro Eco System Analysis (AESA):

       AESA chu chipchiar takin hmundanga AESA a tih tur te chu:-

      1)k Fu a chawr atanga her a hun thlenga a hrisel dan

      2) Rannungin an eichhiat leh natna in a tlakbuak vang a fu in siamthat leh theih dan

      3) Fu eichhetu rannung leh rannungtha intamhleih dan

      4) Lei chu aro nge a hnawng, a thur nge a al, balu lei nge leichangtual.

      5) Sik leh sa boruak awm dan, khaw lum leh vawh dan, ruahtui tlak dan leh a ro dan.

      6) Tunhma lama loneitu tawnhriat.

4. Fu eichhetu rannung leh sazu hlauhawm chin hriatna ETL

III. IPM HMAN TURTE

A. Loneitu thiamsa

      1) Nipui laia thuk deuh hleka lei lehphut hian leia awm rannung te, natna hrik te, thlai rulhut leh hnim kumhlun chi zung leh bulbal a pho chhuaka, nisain a emhlum thin a ni.

      2) Fu chi tha, thar hlawk, rannung leh natna do thei (Chhiatpui nasalo) chauh ling/phun tur, hengte hi a ni.

a) A lairil sen natna laka him - CO-86032, CO-7705, CO-sO 13, CO- 6249, CO-8436, CO-8021.

b) Fu vuai/thi laka him = C07219

b) Fu vuai/thi laka him = C07219

c) A par dum vek natna laka him - CO-7706, CO-7005, CO-527.

d) Fu zik bawrchhawr natna laka him CO-6907

      3) Fu chi atan a hrisel tha chauh hmang ang che

      4) Fu zik khertu pangang laka a him nan a hun takah fu phun/ling ang che, Phun tlai suh.

      5) Tlumpi laka a him nan fu chi chu Chlorpyriphos @4ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh ah darkar chanve chiah la, ran ek engpawh a tawih tha tawh chauh hmang ang che.

      6) Fu tui dawt thin rannung laka fu a him theih nan a hun loah urea pe vak vak suh.

      7) A zik lam fu chang khertu laka fu a him nan a hun tak-ah tui pe ang che

      8) Natna-in a tlakbuak fu kung chu i hmuh veleh satchhum la, vauah paih ang che.

      9) Fu chang leh a hnaha bet thup thin, khuavang chhinchhiah ang tak te, rannung keh hma tak, var liliai te, ram kelchal te leh fu chang khertu pangang tam naah chuan fu hnah hnuai lam, ro tawh chu phih thla zel ang che.

      10) Fu tui dawttu rannung leh pangang a tlem theih nan lei hnaih deuha fu chang chawr chu tuai bal la, paih zel ang che.

      11) Her tura fu i sah reng rengin a bul (lei hnaih) thei ang berah satchhum ang che.

     12) Fu hnah ro hi (thlangdar dum a tam loh chuan) fu bul velah chheh a tha a, lei a vawng hnawng a, rannung tha tam tak humhalh nan a tangkai bawk a ni.

B. Hmanraw dang hman

    1) Fu hnah, rannung tui awmna reng reng chu tanchhum a, rah hrual hrep tur.

    2) Fu zik thi zawng zawng tanchhuma paih vek tur (Pangang pawh a paih tel theih)

    3) Pangangin a kher nasat fu chu sahchhum a, zai phel a, pangang la awm apiang chu tihhlum tur.

    4) A lairil sen natna, fu ngui leh thang thei lo, fu zik bawrchhawr, a hnah hrisello chu sahchhuma, halral tur a ni.

    5) Fu hnah lai tak (midrib) hi a dung zawnga a sena, a kuak thliah chuan chutiang fu hnah chu tan chhuma, halral tur.

    6) Fu hmunah a theih anga tam sazu thang kam tur.

    7) Bui a tam chuan Celphos ( Aluminium phosphide) a hrai tur. Bui kua hai a, a theih anga thukah Celphos chu sarang tuamna zaihawna va dah tur, rang takin a kua chu leia chhilh leh tur a ni.

    8) Sazu a tam chuan Zinc Phosphide leh buhfai 500gm, tela nuaimawm chawhpawlh chu antui hawp fian khat zel, lehkhain or sarangin fun ila, sazu kuaah vawm luh tur. A hnuah sazu thi bang hrai nan Bromadiolone 0.005% cake hman leh tur. A tlang lian kha tlang te 6 ah phel tur a ni a, chutiang tlang te pakhat chu sazu kua pakhatah vawm luh tur. Sazu tur hi changel kawr leh raw chang, kaw tlang chhungah pawh a chah theih.

    9) Pangang a tlem theih nan fu hmun hual velin Behliang chin a tha.

    10) Vual thlahtu sephung buang chu a tam thei ang man a, rahhlum tur. Sephung buang hi fu hmun hnaih thingah a awm duh hle.

    11) Fu hmun hual vela thing leh phairuang a tam chuan ramkelchal hi a tam duh. Chuvangin fu hmun sir, vau chu samfai a tha a, a bik takin phairuang/pumphir a awm tur a ni lo.

    12) A theih anga faia fu hmun thlawh hi a tha.

C. Rannungtha leh hrik tangkai hman

1. Humhalh

    1) Heng rannungtha te hi kan humhalh tur a ni. Khuavanglamdar, Maimawm, Syrphids, Micromus, Rhaconotus, Telenomus, Trichogramma, Tetrasticus, Apanteles, Bracon, Adelenchyrtus, Brumus. Heng rannunga natna thlena tihlum thei natna hrik te hi humhalh bawk tur a ni. Beauveria, Metarhizium, Bacillus.

    2) Rannungtha an pun theih nan March-ah fu chi phum tur a ni, tlema a inkar hlat deuh a fu Phun chuan a karah antam, chana, etc te a chin theiho

    3) Rannungtha humhalh nan a tul tawpkhawkah lo chuan rannung thahna hlo kah mai mai loh tur a ni.

    4) Rannungtha an rem loh nan fu hnahro hal mai mai loh tur a ni.

    5) Natna laka a him theih nan fu chi chu phum hma in Trichoderma viride or T. harzianum in bual tur a ni.

2. Rannungtha leh hrik tha inthlahpun tira fu hmuna chhuah

    1) July-October chhungin ni 10 danah, tum 10 lungphurh thlahtu tui tichhe turin Trichogrammajaponicum chu hectare khatah 50,000 - 60,000 (Trichocards 3) chhuah tur a ni. (Hei hi tum khat atan a tawk a ni) lungphurh thlahtu tui a chhiat tawh ber chuan fu khertu pangang a keu thei dawn lo a ni.

    2) Thlangdar lu zum (Pyrilla) suat nan hectare khatah Epiricana tui nuai 8-10 fu hmunah chhuah tur a ni a, thlangdar lu zum hi fu hnah pakhata 3-5 hmuh a nih chuan Epiricana tui hi chhuah tan nghal tur a ni.

    3) Ramkelchal suat nan hectare khatah Dipha note (larvae) 2000 chhuah tur a ni. Micromus note (larvae) 2000 pawh a chhuah theih bawk.

D. Rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi hman

     IPM-ah chuan rannung thahna hlo leh thlai natna damdawi hi a tul tak tak hunah chauh, mamawh tawk chiah fimkhur taka kah tur a ni.

    i) Fu zik khertu pangang, tlumpi leh vual suat nan fu chi phum atanga ni 35-40 ah Chlorpyriphos 20EC @ 4 ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

    ii) June thla tawp lamah fu khertu pangang suat nan fu zung hnaihah Carbofuran 3G chu hectare khatah 33 kg theh a, rihvur tur a ni. Hei hi a remchanglo a nih chuan Phorate 10G chu hectare khatah 20 kg theh tur a ni. (Carbofuran 3G leh phorate 10G hi antam chi angaum a ni a, tui nen chawhpawlh loh tur a ni, saranga kut tuam chunga leia theh tur a ni)

    iii) Fu tui dawttu thlangdar dum suat nan Dimecron 40EC @ 2 ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

    iv) Vual suat nan Carbofuran 3G chu hectare khatah 33 kg theh tur a ni, a awm loh chuan Phorate 10G chu 20 kg hectare khatah theh tur a ni.

    v) Fu hnah leh a changa khuavang chhinchhiah ang tak, bet thup thin hi fu tui dawttu(Scale insects) a ni a, a suat nan Malathion @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur a ni.

    vi) Ramkelchal suat nan a hmaa tarlan tawh angin Carbofuran 3G or Phorate 10G chu fu zung hnaihah phul tur a ni.

E. Hnimsuat: Heng a hnuai a hnim tur zinga engemaw ber chi fu chi phum hmain kah tur a ni.

    a) A trazine

    b) Simazine

    c) Diuron

    d) Metribuzine

    Hnim tur hian kah atanga chawlhkar 5-6 chhung chu hnim to tur a veng. Hemi hnu hi chuan fu pawh a lo thanglian tawh anga, hnim a dipral thei mai ang.

F. Thlai rulhut suat:

    1) Nipui laiin thuk deuh hlekin lei lehphut tur.

    2) Hnim thlawhfai tur.

    3) Thlai kung leh a hnah hlui te, thlai kung bul te lakkhawma, fu huan sirah halral tur

    4) Fu Phun dawnin fu hmunah neem cake vawm darh tur.

G. Sazu suat:

    1) Sazu kua, a luahlai ngei hi hectare khatah 50 a awm chuan ni 2 chhung buhfai lawng chah hnuah Zincphosphide leh buhfai 500gm, tela nuaimawm chu chawhpawlh a, chah tur, antuihawp fian khat kha lehkha emaw sarang emawin fun la, sazu kua pakhatah fun khat zel thun/thlak ang che.

    2) Ni 10 hnuah sazu thi bang a awm chuan Bromodiolone 0.005% cake kha chah leh tur a ni. A tlang lian pakhat kha a tlang te 6 ah a phel theih a, sazu kua pakhatah a tlang te pakhat zel thlak tur a ni.

IV. FU THAN CHHOH DAN ANGA IPM HMAN TUR